The Contagion In Shakespeares Hamlet - 1365 Words

In Shakespeare’s play, Hamlet, the protagonist-Hamlet- is given a task to avenge his father’s death, but he is constantly procrastinating. The tragedy results in the death and corruption of many characters, including Hamlet. Hamlet’s conscientious neutrality and vitality during the spreading of the contagion prohibit him from becoming villainous or heroic, but his actions, infected by the contagion, indirectly affect other characters ultimately determining his final destination. The contagion that has been cast over Denmark is a result of Hamlet’s father’s ghost who is stuck in purgatory. After King Hamlet dies, Hamlet’s mother marries the dead king’s brother, Hamlet’s uncle. The motive of the Queen’s actions are unclear, but needless to†¦show more content†¦The king requests for Hamlet to avenge his death and kill the new king: Hamlet’s uncle, the king’s brother, â€Å"If thou hast nature in thee, bear it not. / Let not the royal bed of Denmark be / A couch for luxury and damnà ¨d incest† (I.v.88-90). He asks Hamlet avenge his death by removing the new king, and his request only deepens the contagion further because of the intent of another murder. Hamlet’s demeanor evolves to have scourge qualities as a result of his father’s ghost. The ghost allows Hamlet to decide how to approach avenging his father’s death, â€Å"But, howsomever thou pursues this act† (I.V.91). In Skulsky’s paper, he is baffled why the ghost gives Hamlet free reign to define revenge, â€Å"This evasive â€Å"howsomever† serves to point up the fact that the ghost has been disobliging enough to leave the task of defining revenge squarely up to Hamlet† (Skulsky 78). Hamlet is believed to be a young man who was not considered to take the throne, so it is confusing why the ghost would trust him to seek the proper revenge. The ghost’s unclarity promotes Hamlet’s negative and bloodthirsty thoughts, and corrupts his demeanor. After this point, Hamlet begins to deceive to people around him by acting differently to manipulate them while he decides how to seek revenge, but when heShow MoreRelatedThe Death Of Hamlet By William Shakespeare906 Words   |  4 Pagesprotagonist, Hamlet, his mother Queen Gertrude and her husband King Claudius, along with Hamlet’s love interest Ophelia are all affected by human sin through the evocation of sickness and rot. Sin, the driving force of the play, impacts each character, decaying his or her mind, resulting in the emotional and physical demise of each character and the decay of the state of Denmark, which has become â€Å"rotten† after Claudius poisons his own brother and weds his sister-in-law. William Shakespeare’s tragic playRead MoreHow S Soliloquies Reveal His Character In William Shakespeares Hamlet816 Words   |  4 Pages In William Shakespeare’s, Hamlet, the author writes about the Prince who seemingly goes crazy and kills many people that were once close to him after his uncle kills his father only to marry his mother. Shakespeare tends to have his characters talk through soliloquies in his plays to pr ovide specific details about what that character is feeling. Shakespeare is known for his depressingly gruesome writings and Hamlet is definitely in that category. In Hamlet, Prince Hamlet has seven soliloquiesRead MoreWilliam Shakespeare s The Tragedy Of Hamlet987 Words   |  4 PagesIn Shakespeare’s The Tragedy of Hamlet, Prince of Denmark, Hamlet speaks this soliloquy at the end of Act 3 Scene 2. At this point, the play-within-the-play has just been performed for the royal court and more specifically, Claudius. Hamlet was ready to observe anything unusual Claudius might do. The king’s strange behavior, after the Player King commits the same murder Claudius did to his brother, delivers the proof that the ghost of Hamlet’s father was right and that he can continue with his planRead MoreDeceit in Shakespeares Hamlet1062 Words   |  5 PagesDeceit in Shakespeares Hamlet In William Shakespeares Hamlet, deceit is a major cause of the downfall of Hamlet. This is demonstrated in three instances in the play. First, Polonius spies on Hamlet while he is talking privately with his mother Gertrude. Second, Claudius sends Hamlet away to England. Finally, Laertes and Claudius scheme to kill Hamlet. The first way that deceit leads to the eventual downfall of Hamlet is Polonius spying. In Act III, scent iii, Polonius decides to helpRead More Hamlets Sense of Humor Essay1391 Words   |  6 Pagesunrelenting angst would be a bit much for his audience to take, William Shakespeare strategically placed several humorous scenes throughout his masterpiece, Hamlet.   In particular, the character of Polonius fills the role of the comic fool; he is in two essential comedic scenes, one with his own children and then one with Hamlet.   Shakespeares acute ability to weave humor into this very heavy play is noteworthy, as his use of comedy goes beyond merely providing much-needed comic relief.  Ã‚   In factRead MoreThis Winter We Have Likely All Became Quite Familiar With1101 Words   |  5 Pagesdisease. In Shakespeare’s time, everyone certainly was. It was a significant part of life and it held significant symbolic value. Shakespeare made the most out of the motif of a physical disease or deterioration to address moral failures of the characters within the play. Much like a disease, moral corruption, and references to disease, spreads throughout the court of Denmark until it is at last purged with violence. Just as a disease starts with a single infection, the evil deeds in Hamlet start fromRead MoreCorruption in Hamlet by William Shakespeare1279 Words   |  6 Pagesbecome a barrier to continual development and make it so that essentially no room remains for justice to succeed. In Shakespeare’s Hamlet, the destructive force of corruption is clearly exemplified through the abundance of imagery concerning decay, death, disease, sickness, and infection as the play progresses. The first and foremost example of this corruptionis the murder of King Hamlet and the resulting incestuous marriage of Gertrude and Claudius, which forms the foundation for corruption becomingRead More A Darker Side of Our Soul Exposed in Hamlet Essay1477 Words   |  6 PagesA Darker Side of Our Soul Exposed in Hamlet      Ã‚  Ã‚   We live in a curious age of, tabloids, talk shows, and TV sound bites that purvey a shocking type of tawdry news. These sources of scandal make a lucrative business out of outrageous headlines. But this is nothing new.   Mankind has always had burning desire for uncovering secret truths--even in the time of Shakespeare.   For as Polonius said, If circumstances lead me, I will find/Where truth is hid, though it were hid indeed/Within the centerRead MoreThe Nature of Evil in William Shakespeares Hamlet Essay1739 Words   |  7 Pagesproves that good and evil cannot always be seen as simply black or white, but also as shades of grey making it difficult to label characters in various literary works, especially those of William Shakespeare. The ambiguity of evil in William Shakespeares Hamlet forces spectators to interpret each characters thoughts, actions, and personality in order to place them properly on the gradient of evil. Regardless of ones personal idea of evil, Claudius can be seen as a villain from many standpointsRead MoreHamlet Is Notorious For Its Critical Theme Of Revenge1042 Words   |  5 PagesDanielle Suchit Suchit 1 Ms. Ward ENG 4U 28 July 2017 Hamlet Essay Analysis Shakespeare’s Hamlet is infamous for its critical theme of revenge. However, the constant conflict between action vs inaction insinuates a deeper concern. For starters, Prince Hamlet frequently creates excuses to delay his father s revenge. He is always thinking of the consequences that may result if he proceeds with his treason

Teaching And The Field Of Education - 1185 Words

Teaching and the field of education begins with a passion. After which, one should be able to see the commitment to education through the demonstration of achievement in their students. Growing up, I remember hearing stories from my parents on how the beginning of their careers in the field of education was a struggle. This was during a time of segregation and it wasn’t about the money, however, making sure they invested success in each student. Being paid $250.00 a month in the late 1960’s made them question if that was something they really wanted to do. However, the realized that there was one essential necessity and that was the commitment to being a successful teacher. While a teacher must be committed, they must also have a passion†¦show more content†¦Being committed to a student’s learning means making a way when it seems there is no way, making time when in reality there may not be any time. Coming into school early and leaving late. Making sacr ifices and investments to ensure proper gains and great returns. In order for a student to learn, they must feel safe. How do we create a safe learning environment for a student? To start, the classroom just be inviting, in order and clean. If you step back and really look at your classroom and see an area that tends to look distracting, it is important that the area is organized in a manner that will encourage the student to do their absolute best. Having all resources readily available, but in a safe area is important as well. Organizing the classroom to be sure that interaction and movement amongst the students is available and that teacher can easily supervise what is going on. Sometimes lessons cause for students to be active in their participation. As we know, this may not be an easy task, it gets loud and a bit rowdy. Being able to keep an eye on the students and monitor their behavior has a tendency to maintain order. Keep in mind that the safety of students goes beyond the four walls of the classroom. Safety has to be exercised on the pla yground, in the hallways and the cafeteria. I think it is important that schools focus on adult supervision in all areas of the school and weShow MoreRelatedThe Education And Teaching Field2008 Words   |  9 PagesIn the education and teaching field there are countless amounts of issues that occur on an everyday bases, whether the issues are big or small. For instance, some of the minor issues would be the lack of parent support, technology, and poor attendance rates. On the other hand some bigger issues would be the low teaching salaries, lack of funding for schools, and the overall problem of dealing with the common core standards. Common core was established in 2010 to set a certain learning foundationRead MoreThe Field Of Education : A Catalyst For Rethinking Teaching Practices Essay1738 Words   |  7 PagesInformation Technology has been praised in certain areas and deemed as a catalyst for rethinking teaching practices in the education sector (Flecknoe, 2002; Mcormick Scr imshaw, 2001), developing favored graduates and citizens required in today’s information society (Department of education, 2001). The field of education globally has been affected by ICT in one way or another which has affected teaching, learning, and research (Yusuf, 2005). ICT has the potential to accelerate and deepen the skillsRead MoreSimilar To Field Study Courses, Student Teaching Is One1235 Words   |  5 Pages Similar to field study courses, Student Teaching is one of the field practices of students in the teacher education program intending to teach in the early childhood, elementary or secondary education. It is a teaching by a student under the supervision of an experienced teacher who then is called the mentor. This activity is designed to provide the student teacher opportunities to apply the principles and strategies of teaching and evaluation in actual teaching-learning situations, utilizationRead MoreExperiment Field, Advanced Classroom851 Words   |  4 PagesExperiment Field, Advanced Classroom ï ¼ 2015 Exchange Exhibition of Asia Contemporary Ceramic Art River flows from the side of the hill named Xiangshan; Students work in the quiet garden view campus, which the buildings there are decorated with historical ceramic tiles. For students and teachers, having a chance to be in this cultural environment is a life’s fortune. Although today’s social life is so different from the past, people are getting harder to focus on pure academic research becauseRead MoreHigh Degree Education Of Ceramic Art825 Words   |  4 Pagesproblems of shallow researches. Currently, the higher degree education in contemporary ceramic art of Asian should construct its own value system that suits Eastern culture and aesthetic. The views of above aspects had formed the exhibition’s main concept. The Asian art academies are facing the same situation in the higher degree education of ceramic art. The day-to-day teaching needs new energy and clear direction; the homogeneity in teaching should be avoided, and the lack of uniqueness should be madeRead MoreThe Pros And Cons Of Teaching913 Words   |  4 PagesTeaching math requires an abundance of patience, intelligence, and extreme encouragement. When going into the education field, teachers need to be aware of all perspectives of their teaching career. Educators should be well informed on different teaching strategies, the benefits they will receive in their career, and the pros and cons of teaching. As a teacher, especially a math teacher, one has to be capable of teaching the material from many different aspects since all students learn differentlyRead MoreTeaching Students With Special Education Needs Essay1176 Words   |  5 PagesPreparing Teachers to Teach Students with Special Education Needs Who is responsible for teaching students with special educational needs? If this question had been posed 20 years ago, 10 years ago, or even 5 years ago, what would have been the answer? While the answer may once have been the special education teacher, today it is not quite so clear. Within the last four decades there has been a push to include all students in the classroom so that all students are provided the same educational opportunitiesRead MoreThe English Language Drew Fascination From An Early Age1064 Words   |  5 Pagesindustry due to the high rate of pay. However, the computer field was not a fulfilling career. Being led back to education, I considered becoming a History professor the first semester; though, the summer before the second year became a revelation. English combines history, philosophy, and the language itself. Therefore, fulfilling the main desire of having a job that is doing things I enjoy for a third of employed hours or more. Education has always been a pre-requisite. I get bored easy withRead MoreTeaching Certificate For Special Education936 Words   |  4 Pagessubstitute teacher, and tutor, I had not considered the field of special education. However, six months ago I accepted an offer to work as an exceptional children teaching assistant. Now I am surprised that my goal is to obtain a teaching license in special education; but in hindsight, I should not be because of this field’s correlation to my past interests and experiences. After completing high school, I did not want to delay my college education so I began work on a pre-liberal arts degree at a communityRead MoreThe School Of Education Is Dedicated For Educating And Providing Support For Future Professionals1171 Words   |  5 Pages UAB School of Education is dedicated to educating and providing support to future professionals who wish to become an educator. UAB provides prospective teacher candidates with field experience in diverse settings to prepare them to be an effective teacher and professional after graduation. Prospective teacher candidates are assessed for their performance and effectiveness as a teacher throughout their time in the pre-TEP and TEP programs. This essay will answer four prompts that will be both informative

Immigrant Questions free essay sample

New immigrants found jobs in cities, where most of country’s manufacturing took place, having come from rural areas, few new immigrants were skilled in modern manufacturing or industrial work so they often had no choice but to take the low- paying, unskilled jobs in garment factories, steel mills, or construction. 2b. How did immigrants attempt to adapt to their new lives in the United States? Immigrants began the hard work of adjusting to life in a new country. They needed to find homes and jobs. 2c. Why do you think many immigrants tolerated difficult living and working conditions? The immigrants seemed to be more willing to tolerate the horrible conditions in hopes to find gold and become wealthy. 3a. What was the Purpose of the Chinese Exclusion Act? The purpose of the Chinese Exclusion Act it stopped  immigration  by Chinese workers and miners for 10 years. 3b. Why do some labor unions oppose immigration? Some labor unions opposed immigration because their members believed immigrants would take jobs away from native-born Americans. We will write a custom essay sample on Immigrant Questions or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page 3c. How might the growing opposition to immigration lead to problem in the Unites States? Oppositions to immigration may eventually lead to a country torn apart by its inhabitants. If immigrants have children, they may be used as anchor babies. As the children will be citizens, they will grow up being treated like outcasts.

Waiting For Godot By Beckett Essay Example For Students

Waiting For Godot By Beckett Essay Authors use different techniques in their wittings. Samuel Beckett usesallusions and references to characters to help the reader understand what thecharacters represent. In his drama Waiting for Godot, Becketts two maincharacters, Estragon and Vladimir, are symbolized as man. Separate they are twodifferent sides of man, but together they represent man as a whole. In Waitingfor Godot, Beckett uses Estragon and Vladimir to symbolize mans physical andmental state. Estragon represents the physical side of man, while Vladimirrepresents the intellectual side of man. In each way these two look for answersshows their side of man. Estragon has his shoes. Vladimir has his hat. WhenEstragon takes off his shoes he peers inside it, feels about inside it, turnsit upside sown, shakes it1. Through this action it is relevant thatEstragon is searching for something from his boot, but unable to recognize it. We will write a custom essay on Waiting For Godot By Beckett specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now This symbolizes mans side of using physical ability to answer questions. Vladimir on the other hand continues to look into his hat. Vladirmir constantlyTakes off his hat, peers inside it, feels about inside it, shakes it, puts iton again2. Through this action Vladimir is shown to be searching for answersin his hat, which symbolizes his using knowledge and his intellectual capabilityfor solving problems. Both Estragon and Vladimir are searching for what thereader assumes to be the key to lifes problems. When they continue to do thisthroughout the drama, it expresses the fact that they are searching and willcontinue to search until they find what they are looking for. Vladimir is morepractical, and Estragon is more of a romantic. In the drama, Estragon wants totalk about his dreams. Vladimir doesnt want to. He can not stand to hearabout the dreams that Estragon has. When Estragon wakes up from falling asleephe says I had a dream. Vladimir answers with Dont tell me3. Another example is that Estragon often forgets events as soon as they happen orwithin a day, while Vladimir, on the other hand, remember past events4. This isshown when Pozzo and Lucky enter into the scene in the second act. Estragon andVladimir see two men coming. Vladimir recognizes it as Pozzo, from the daybefore, but Estragon does not recognize him. The conversation starts withVladimir: Poor Pozzo I knew it was him Who? Godot. But its not Godot. Itsnot Godot? Its not Godot. Then who is it? Its Pozzo5. This exchange indialog shows that Estragon does not recognize Pozzo, and Vladimir has to tellEstragon who it is. The two of them are dependent on each other. Estragon isbeaten every night by mysterious men. Vladimir acts as his protector. He singsto him, helps him take off his boots, and covers him with his jacket6. Everynight they part, yet they find each other every morning and start another day ofwaiting. In each act, Estragon and Vladimir talk about hanging themselves formthe tr ee. During this exchange of words, Estragon suggest that they hangthemselves from a near by tree. Vladimir is the one who is particle and explainswhy they cant hang themselves. The physical side and the intellectual side isshown through Estragons and Vladimirs actions, as well as their words. They have a friend ship that is bonded by their differences. Without one anotherthey would be lost, just like without the intellectual side of man, the physicalside would be lost, and visa versa. Bibliography1 Samuel Beckett, Waiting for Godot (New York: Grove Press, Inc., 1954) 8left. 2 Beckett 8 left. 3 Beckett 11 left. 4 Martin Esslin, The Search forthe Self, Modern Critical Interpretations Waiting for Godot, ed. Harold Bloom(New York: Chelsea House Publishers, 1987) 29. 5 Beckett 50 right. 6 Esslin 29Bibliography Beckett, Samuel. Waiting for Godot. New York: Grove Press, Inc.,1954. Esslin, Martin The Search for the Self. Modern CriticalInterpretations Waiting for Godot. Ed. Harold Bloom. New York: Chelsea HousePublishing, 1987.

bfskinner essays

bfskinner essays Burrhus Frederic Skinner, psychologist and behaviorist, was born in Susquehanna, Pennsylvania in 1904 to William Skinner and Grace Burrhus. His father was a lawyer and his mother was a naturally bright woman. Skinner had only one sibling a brother who died at the age of sixteen. Skinner lived most of his life in Susquehanna. He did not leave the house he was born in until he left to go to college. He was raised very close to his grandparents, who had a major impact on his early life. He was also close to his parents. He and his mother and father all graduated from the same high school. This was the same school that he had attended for all twelve years of his education. Skinner attended Hamilton College at the recommendation of a family friend. He took many different types of courses before deciding to major in English and minor in Romance Languages. Skinner felt that he did not fit in at college. He disliked the fraternity that he had joined and he did not understand why the college required the courses that it did. The summer before his senior year he attended the Middlebury School of English at Breadloaf, Vermont. During this summer he had lunch with Robert Frost. Frost asked to see his work and gave Skinner a lot of encouragement. This led him to the decision to become a writer. Skinner's father was not happy with this decision. He has hoped that his son would become a lawyer, like himself. His father eventually agreed to his decision, and Skinner moved back home to start his new career. He built himself an office in his parents' house where he could write. He was to try to be a writer for two years, and if this did not work out he would get a real job. It did not work out. Skinner played around instead of writing. He eventually wrote a mediocre book for the oil companies just to save his self-respect. After writing the book, Skinner spent six months in New York. In the Fall, Skinner went off to Harvard to begin his study ...

my dad essays

my dad essays Influence? Why is it that the people who influence us most influence us in ways that are not easily quantified? By being an upstanding individual, my math teacher in middle school (Armenia) acted as an inspiring male role model at a time when I needed one most. By being approachable and interesting, my World History tutor opened my eyes to the connections between a society's culture and its history and broadened my view of cultures and the world. While these influences mean much to me and have contributed greatly to my development, they come easily to mind. The fact that I could sit down and write a list of how these people influenced me suggests that the influence may have altered me in some profound way. But when I think of the word influence, the person whose influence shook me to the deepest level is my father. My father has a work bench at home which he has made into a piece of art. The organization of tools with their numbers and the corresponding numbered cabinets attached underneath his work bench look like the American Armed Forces and seem to be commanded by him because they are in their seats and can be removed only by him. When I picture my father, I see a man in wrestlers body bent over his work bench; I see his gentleness and his dedication to work. He has taught me that beauty is something human and art is something we make with our hands and our humanity. Once he told me, I work very hard as you see, and I want you and your brother to be as workaholics as I am. I do not want you to do hard jobs like this. I hope you can be successful in a specific major. He did not want us to wear the kind of dirty clothes he was wearing; instead, he hoped we would be wearing a suit and tie. He thinks that the kind of job he had does not earn prestige in modern society. The most emotional confrontation with him in my life happened when I finally was strong enough to help him with his work. ...

Critical Analysis of Source(s) and Research Log Essay

Critical Analysis of Source(s) and Research Log - Essay Example The first e-library used was http://www.bbk.ac.uk/lib/elib/ and the second was www.intute.co.uk. In addition, relevant information was searched using the search engine http://www.google.co.in. At first, search was conducted using key words and phrases like ‘Corporate Social Responsibility and employees’, ‘Impact of CSR on workers’, ‘Corporate Social Responsibility and Productivity’, and so on. Later on, prepositions were avoided to make the search more accurate. When the term ‘corporate social responsibility’ was used for search in http://www.bbk.ac.uk/lib/elib/, the number of titles obtained was plenty but none of the first thirty peer reviewed scholarly articles directly addressed the issue how CSR influences employee perception of happiness and employee motivation. Even when the key phrase was changed to ‘corporate social responsibility motivation’ and ‘corporate social responsibility happiness’, no usef ul article about the impact of CSR on employees was found. Most of the articles were about the history of CSR, how to implement a good CSR, CSR and public image, and if CSR raises profitability in the long term. When the same phrases and words were used for search in www.intute.co.uk, it provided a number of results ranging from links to various sites and organisations that provide information on corporate social responsibility. A useful link seemed the one to the International Journal of Business in Society and the International Journal of Entrepreneurial Behaviour and Research published by Emerald. As the link http://www.emeraldinsight.com/journals.htm?issn=1355-2554 was followed, I reached the Emerald published journals. There I got 14626 results when the search was conducted using ‘corporate social responsibility’ as the key term in International Journal of Entrepreneurial Behaviour & Research from volume 1 to volume 17 that consist of 176 issues as available in htt p://www.emeraldinsight.com/journals.htm?issn=1355-2554. However, when the first thirty journals from the available results were analysed, it was found that just one among them addressed the issue directly. It was ‘Corporate social responsibility: organisational identification and motivation’ written by Michal Mozes, Zvi Josman, and Eyal Yaniv in the Social Responsibility Journal, Volume 7, Issue 2 of 2011. When ‘corporate social responsibility and employees commitment’ was used as key words for search in www.google.co.in, a number of journal articles ranging from ‘Employee perceptions of corporate social responsibility’ by Sarah Stawiski, Jennifer J. Deal, and William Gentry of Center for Creative Leadership, issued in June 2010, ‘Corporate social responsibility: the key role of human resource management’ by Suparn Sharma, Joity Sharma and Arti Devi, published in the Business Intelligence Journal of January 2009, ‘Corporate s ocial responsibility influence on employees’ by Jean Pascal Gond, Assaad El-Akremi, Jacques Igalens, and Valerie Swaen, and many more websites and magazines like Forbes (http://www.forbes.com ) that provide information about corporate social responsibility and employee happiness were located. However, as very few of them were articles published in journals, they lacked authority. One of the most useful articles identified in the search was ‘

Skinput Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Skinput - Essay Example In general terms, Skinput is an attempt to appropriate human body as an input interface. Skinput is a novel bio-acoustic sensing system developed by Chris Harrison from Carnegie Mellon University and Desney Tan and Dan Morris, employees at Microsoft Research. From the practical viewpoint, Skinput represents a bio-acoustic sensing array coupled with a small-size pico-projector, which turns user's skin into a touch-screen. The system of acoustic sensors identifies signals produced with our fingers onto skin surface, utilising the skin as an input surface. Chris Harrison's invention of Skinput rests on the idea that human skin constitutes an ideal input device: humans have roughly 22 square feet of skin area, which is accessible by hands and proprioception (understanding of how individual's body is configured in three-dimensional space) enables users to accurately interact with their bodies in an eyes-free manner (Harrison et al, 2010). Unlike previous examples of always-available input systems, Skinput idea is largely based on the principles of bio-sensing and acoustic transmission. Bio-sensing technology has been widely utilised in diagnostic medicine with electroencephalography (EEG) and functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIR) being notable examples (Harrison et al, 2010). Simultaneously, the principles of acoustic transmission have been applied to support the idea of the skin being used as a finger input surface. From the practical standpoint, when a finger taps the skin, the impact creates a magnitude of useful acoustic signals. In order to capture these signals, Chris Harrison's team developed a special bio-acoustic sensing array. During the series of experiments, Chris Harrison and his colleagues opted in for a sensing array built into an armband. This bio-acoustic sensing array aimed to detect vibrations transmitted through the body is comprised of two sensor packages each containing five cantilevered piezo films responsive to a particular frequency range. Because variations in bone density, muscle size and filtering effect produced by soft tissues and joints make different locations being acoustically distinct, Skinput software analyzes impacts and classifies them (Harrison et al, 2010). In addition, Skinput's armband works with a special purpose pico-projector, which allows various interactive elements to be displayed on the skin (see Figure 1 for complete illustration of Skinput device). Figure 1. Skinput technology. HOW SKINPUT WILL BE USED During the series of their study, Chris Harrison et al. illustrated the range of Skinput's applications, most of which were concerned with tap-based interfaces. In the first example, the researchers projected a series of buttons onto the forearm, on which a user can finger tap to navigate a hierarchical menu (Harrison et al, 2010). The second example reveals how individual uses a scrolling menu tapping top or bottom of his forearm. The third example illustrates a projection of numeric keypad, which can be tapped to dial a phone number. From the practical perspective, thanks to embedded program algorithms, Skinput's interface can accurately identify user's gestures in motion, for instance, during walk.

Growing Up African American Essay Example for Free

Growing Up African American Essay I am a member of the African American group and I would like to tell you a bit about the group of when I am a part of. Let me start by saying that my African American group originated from Africa and growing up in America can be tough for people of my race, the African Americans. My group’s history is wide ranging spanning for many years and varying from region to region within the United States. I remember when I was young I use to talk to my mother a lot and asked her many questions like â€Å"Why am I called an African American? † She went on to explain that our race originally comes from Africa and we were part of a slave trade. From my mother I learned that we were slaves until a law was passed to give us freedom. I use to wonder when I was young if there were other people similar to me all over America. I also remember something my father told me once that African Americans live all over the country. My father told stories of how he used to go to an all black school could vote or sit in the front of buses. Being African Americans have faced several kinds of creation and consequence situations in the years they have been a part of the United States. In some places cheaper labor, longer work hours and terrible living conditions. Many people of the United States have made it almost impossible for groups of another race or Ethnicity to strive and live full happy lives. I have seen over the year’s situations of extermination in some parts, as well segregation, and expulsion. In school from some of my teachers, in social interactions like just walking through a store, and especially in the work place when they’ll even give me the chance to work because it doesn’t matter I go to get a job out here. There are some racist, even the Uncle Tom’s. I’ve done everything they ask and still I either get denied the job or they hire me and treat me like Growing up African American 3 trash until I quit, or they try to find a reason to get rid of me. Since, I don’t give them much reason to get rid of me due to my strong work ethic and performance; they usually try to break me down. Education plays an important role for most African Americans; however we are still way behind when compared to the White American which probably has a lot to do with the way some of us was brought up or our background. Regardless of the contributions made by the forefathers of black people, there is a hesitation of acceptance of the race that has been a focus of many groups the strive for freedom and justice for all, that has not yet been rectified. The same group of people was good enough to built the country is not always seen as good enough to live in the house next door. I believe because this country is made up of many different races and ethnic groups that are steadily growing in numbers. If different races are toco exist peacefully in the U. S. , it is vital that we all become educated on the history and culture of different races and ethnicities. According to the 2000 Census data for Lexington, MS the total population for 2000 were 2,025 male 965 and female 1,060 square miles 2. 45. Race: white (635); black or African American (1,362); American Indian and Alaska Native (1); Asian (13); and two or more races (14); and Hispanic or Latino (of any race) (40) (Fact finder Census 2000). Birthplace facts from the 2000 census data in Lexington born in the same state (1,706); born in another state (269); born outside the US (0); naturalized citizen (14); and foreign born, not US citizen (10). Some more 2000 census data in educational attainment population 25 and older was 1,206 in Lexington: high school graduates (299); some college, or associate’s degree (349); bachelor’s degree (111); and master’s, professional or doctorate degree (60). Some enrollment population 3 years and over Growing up African American 4 enrolled in school was 627: preschool and kindergarten (83); grades 1-12 (446); and college (98) (2000 census data). Growing up African American 5 References Factfinder Census 2000 Census data for Lexington, MS My mother and father.

Race Relations :: essays research papers

1 Race Relations and Modern Church-State Relations Thomas C. Berg* This article concerns religion and race – two controversial subjects that have figured prominently in America’s constitutional and political debates since World War II. In particular, I wish to trace some connections in the last 50 years between developments in church-state relations and developments in race relations. Recently scholars of the First Amendment’s Religion Clauses have shown interest in how the Supreme Court’s modern decisions on that subject might have been influenced by the political, social, and cultural context of recent decades: such factors as the changing attitudes toward Roman Catholicism,1 the rise of secularism in culture,2 the position of religious minorities,3 and so forth. Like some of that other work, this Article traces the course of churchstate relations not only in the Court itself, but in the broader society. It would hardly be surprising if developments concerning church and state in the last 50 years interacted with developments in the area of race, since the latter have been so central to * Professor of Law, University of St. Thomas School of Law (Minneapolis). I presented portions of the material here at the Boston College Law Review Symposium on Separation of Church and State, in April 2002; at a Federalist Society program on â€Å"Faith Under Democracy,† in March 2002; at a summer 2001 symposium on Spirituality and Social Justice, sponsored by a grant from the Lilly Endowment; and to a fall 2001 meeting of the Colloquium on Religion and Philosophy at Samford University. I thank David Bains, Hugh Floyd, Penny Marler, [OTHERS], and the participants in those sessions for their comments on the various versions of the paper. 1See, e.g., John C. Jeffries, Jr., and James A. Ryan, A Political History of the Establishment Clause, 100 Mich. L. Rev. 279 (2001); Thomas C. Berg, Anti- Catholicism and Modern Church-State Relations, 33 Loyola U-Chi. L. Rev. 121 (2001); Douglas Laycock, The Underlying Unity of Separation and Neutrality, 46 Emory L. J. 43, __-__ (1997). 2See George W. Dent, Jr., Secularism and the Supreme Court, 1999 B.Y.U. L. Rev. 1. 3See Stephen M. Feldman, Religion-Clause Revisionism: Minorities and the Development of Religious Freedom (unpublished draft, on file with author). 2 constitutional law and moral-political debate – from the constitutional success of Brown v. Board of Education4 to the moral-political triumph of the civil rights movement to the current conflicts over how to define and achieve racial justice. The central story in church-state relations in the last 50 years has been the rise of a fairly strict separation of church and state as the overriding constitutional and moral ideal in the 1960s and 1970s, and the partial decline of that ideal from the 1980s

Privacy and Computer Technology Essay

Privacy is a valuable interest and is now threatened more than ever by technological advances. Privacy is defined as the ability to control the collection, use, and dissemination of personal information (Fast Trac Course ). At one time people could once feel confident that what others may find out about them would be treated in a way that it would probably do any harm. Information technology has been beneficial for privacy. By having access to ATMs and online banking we rarely have to present ourselves to a teller. Online shopping offers similar benefits such as being able to shop without standing in long lines and being able to compare prices and research products before purchasing. However, since so much of what we do daily is done using a computer, it can pose a serious threat to privacy. This information can then be recreated to create detailed personal profiles that could not have transpired in pre-digital days. Furthermore, this information can be distributed far, wide, and immediately without our consent or even knowledge. Judicial remedies are unlikely to produce a satisfying or sensible balance between companies’ economic prerogatives and customers’ privacy interest. New technologies that has either unconsiously adopted or resourcefully applied privacy practices will continue to threaten personal privacy. Business will have to find ways to address this uneasiness. If companies remain complacent, underestimating the degree to which privacy matters to customers, harsh regulation may be waiting in the wings. The best way out is for businesses and customers to negotiate directly over where to draw the lines. (What is Privacy?) There are many databases and Internet records that track or keep record of information about an individual’s financial and credit history, medical record, purchases and telephone calls. Most people do not know what information is stored about them or who has access to it. The ability for others to access and link the databases, with few controls on how they use, share, or exploit the information, makes individual control over information about oneself more difficult than ever before. For example, the caller Id was originally designed to allow you to screen your calls and protect from receiving unwanted calls from harassers, telemarketers, etc†¦ In turn it involved privacy concerns for both the caller and the person called. Over the years, there has been a clash between privacy and advancing technologies, which can make a compelling argument for overriding the privacy intrusions. The challenge of improving security while protecting privacy is called Real Id. The real ID act provides significant challenges. It was signed into law on May 11, 2005 (public law 109-13). After may 11, 2008 â€Å"A federal agency may not accept, for any official purpose, a dirvers license or identification card issued by a state to any persin unless the state is meeting the requirements†. The real ID act defines what information and features must appear on the card, what documentation must be presented before a card can be issued, what verification the state must do before a card can be issued, and security measures to prevent tampering counterfeiting and duplication of the card. The Real Id requires states to confirm the identities and documentation of applicants, Make drivers licence and ID cards extremely difficult to counterfiet, and to assure one driver one record so that you will be able to own only one licence which only go for people that has mutliple addresses . The Real Id Act is really the outgrowth of the 911 commision reccomended that the licence be improved and it should be a national standard. Represenative James Sensenbrenner (R-Wis) who was the cahir of the house judiciary committee said â€Å"American citizens have the right to know who is in their country, that people are who they say they are , and the name on a drivers licence is the holder’s real name, not som alias.† Historically the licence has been a state function so the act tailors the mandate that you must present this identification. The challlenges comes from the act because the real ID act was written by Congress without expressing privacy protections. Some of the privacy challenges are what information should be stored in the machine readanble zone?, who should have access to the information stored in the machine readable zone?, and what information, if any will be centralized in order to facilitate the necessary data exchange among the state?. I feel that there should be some limitations on the information stored in the readable zone and the data systems protect the personal information from unauthorized uses and disclosure. Information about individuals is used by businesses to provide customers with a huge array of targeted goods and personalized services that consumers have come to expect. If it lands in the wrong hands, this same information can result in harm to the very individuals it was meant to serve. The protection of an individual’s personal information has business implications that extend beyond the privacy of any one individual. Private information relative to certain businesses and industries is protected by various laws. For example the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act (HIPAA) laws protect private medical information. Many states have enacted their own laws, and the federal government is regulated by the Privacy Act of 1974. Legislatures are increasingly responding to calls for greater protection of private information, and stories of improper disclosures of large volumes of private information receive prominent media attention. At present, there is no broad, general federal law protecting the privacy of customer information; most protections are aimed at particular types of information (such as medical or student records,) or particular types of businesses (such as medical providers, banks, and financial service businesses). Customers and consumers expect their information to be protected and businesses that recognize the need to make privacy part of their business strategy are ahead of the game. Many companies have gone to great lengths to protect information using technological advances. However, the ability of a business to protect private information it collects as part of its business is only as strong as its weakest link â€Å"the human factor† something that technology just can’t overcome. Having knowledge of privacy and security should be aimed at individuals who work with private information to help understand the ways that this information can be disclosed inadvertently. We are now moving into an era where there will always be a digital observer. Unlike footprints left in the sand, our online data trails often stick around long after the tide has gone out and they are growing rapidly. Digital footprints are trails of information left by a person’s interaction in the digital environment (en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Digital_footprint). They existed since day one or even before you were born. Internet users don’t realize that every time they use the internet they leave digital footprints. This includes massive amounts of data in the form of email, documents, images, games, music, apps, movies, login and logouts, visits to a web-page, accessed or created files, chat messages or any other material showing the activities being done on a website. What people don’t understand is when you try to reduce your digital footprint you actually make it larger. When trying to reduce your digital footprints interested parties can still use data they have found for evidence, data mining or profiling purposes. This doesn’t mean that you can’t try to protect yourself but you should take precautions when accessing or posting personal information on websites. People need to be proactive and take control of their digital footprint. Due to increased utilization of social media, we should have a heighted awareness of privacy. Being aware of what personally identifiable information that is included in your online profile is very important. Publicy exposed private information on the web can also be used to steal your idenity and money. With more employers’ using the internet to find out about their current or potential new employees, it is good to know in advance what information is floating around the internet about you. You should only put PII in your profile that you wouldn’t mind the entire world including potential or current employers to view. For example, you can find this out by searching for yourself in Google to see what comes up. Also, be wary of strangers. People can misrepresent themselves and their motives so when posting on any social media website it is good to limit who is allowed to contact you and what you tell strangers with whom you communicate with (U.S. Department of State Priva cy Tips). Privacy is so important not just to my online presence but also to my financial documents. Financial privacy is a another term for a multitude of privacy issues, ranging from financial institutions ensuring that their customers information remain private to those outside the institution as well as individuals ensuring that they are protecting their privacy in the privacy of their homes. These documents can be protected by guarding your social security number, calling carefully, and cleaning your name off call lists. Unless you are paying your income taxes, you shouldn’t place your social security number on checks and don’t keep your number in your wallet. A stolen or lost wallet with your social security number can make it easy for someone to obtain new credit in your name. An 800 number is a convenient cost saver, but not if the company you call isn’t reputable. Your call can be the electronic source for undesirable solicitation lists or cause fraud by giving ou t your credit card number to someone who misuses it. You can ask companies you buy from not to release your name to others. You can also have your name eliminated from mass mailing lists by writing to the Direct Marketing Association. Protecting your financial privacy is something that shouldn’t be taken lightly. The fair credit reporting act guarantees access to your credit report for free. If you at anytime feel your credit has been compromised you should visit the Federal Trade Commission’s website. (How to Deal with a Security Breach) In summary, There are many threats to privacy but there are ways you can prevent compromise by criminals and by privacy invading infestations. There are many things you can do to increase to increase your privacy especially online. Protecting your privacy online requires keeping your computer safe from many types of online dangers. Some of the ways to prevent online dangers are making sure the sites you vist is safe beofre sharing personal information. This incluses your real name, email address, credit card number, etc†¦.The next way is to make sure your online account is properly configured for ideal privacy protection. This includes making sure to use a password that are hard to break. The next way is to protect wireless connection from dangers or intrusions. When connecting to the internet via a wireless connection make sure that you re suing a protected password. The next way is to remove yourself from search databases. This can be done by sending a email through a reputable website such as private eye, 123people.com, or intelius.com. Another way is by increasing the privacy of your browser. This a very important part of protecting your online privacy but it also secures your computer against malware and other threats. Lastly, use a temporary credit card number that is linked to your financial account but is only valid for single or limited transactions. Bibliography (Wikipedia, pg 1) en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Digital_footprint Fast Trac Course How to Deal with a Security Breach The Three Basic Forms of Business Ownership What is Privacy?

The Matrix Linked Christianity

Matrix movie is full of violence but there are some powerful concepts in it that will help us to understand what really the real world is, that may help us to be different from usual people, leaving the secular society and do the things that are needed to be done. When Neo took the red pill and woke up in the pod or vat, it was just like when we turn to Jesus and woke up from the Matrix that we live in called material society.Like Neo when he woke up in the pod, he realized that humans are slaves to an empire of man-made, intelligent machines and the first year of most of us who turned back after with Christ was extremely confusing (The Christian Science Monitor, 2003). Things we had believed for years no longer made any sense whatsoever. Neo said, â€Å"how come my eyes hurt so much†, and Morpheus replied, â€Å"It's because you never used them before†. Neither had most of us used our spiritual eyes, and when the light of Jesus hit us, we were empowered to see things t hrough our spiritual eyes, but it also hurt like crazy cause no one understood us.Lots of people had never yet wake up from Matrix, and these people are the most person who will always turned us down, people who are our love ones. Analysis of Matrix from Christian View The Matrix: our civilization The Resistance: members of the Christian family including Angels in heaven (people not plugged into the Matrix) and Christians on earth (people plugged into the Matrix. ) The only job of the Resistance is to wake people up from the Matrix and get them to join the Resistance.Sentient programs: angels of the Devil roaming the earth (Matrix) looking for members of the Resistance (Christians) who they can kill or interfere with. Morpheus: John the Baptist Cypher: Judas Neo: Jesus Christ Life in the Matrix is not real life and there is a supreme negative intelligence running the Matrix. It is smarter than any human being. It outsmarts people into thinking they are living life and getting ahead (successful in the Matrix) when they are really asleep, dying and lying dormant in the pod (or vat) with the life being sucked out of them by the source of the Matrix (the Machines- the Devil).In the movie this â€Å"life† is human electromagnetic energy – in real world that â€Å"life† is our spiritual energy, the soul that the devil sucks out of us, as we are lying spiritually unconscious. In the world of The Matrix, men are â€Å"born into bondage, born into a prison that you cannot smell or taste or touch. † Then comes â€Å"the One,† the promised deliverer who will overcome mankind’s enemy and liberate the human race from bondage. Morpheus has been foretold that he will find this figure of prophecy; and, like John the Baptist heralding Jesus as the Lamb of God, Morpheus recognizes Neo to be the One.According to Morpheus, the Matrix is â€Å"the world that has been pulled over your eyes to blind you from the truth† (Wikipedia, 200 6). The Matrix is symbolic of sin that keeps the human race blinded about reality. â€Å"It is the world that has been pulled over your eyes to blind you from the truth. † Each person is â€Å"born into bondage†¦ a prison, for your mind. † The illusion of the matrix is so we do not wake up to the realization of our slavery. It would seem that the machines then are Satan and his demons trying to deceive mankind concerning his true state of bondage.Neo's real name is Thomas Anderson, perhaps referring to â€Å"doubting Thomas† of the Bible (since it took him so long to believe he was the One). The name Anderson means â€Å"son of man,† a title used by Jesus in reference to himself. He mimics the true Savior by having both a death and resurrection. After his resurrection, the matrix (sin) no longer has dominion over him. This is in contrast to the reality of the Savior who died in history. Death and sin had no power over Christ. As Christ died for manki nd, Neo dies to save the world.At the end, Neo determines to show the world the truth, just as Christ said He is the truth. Neo destroys Agent Smith and Christ destroyed evil. The world is set free from the bondage of the matrix, and Christ frees those who believe in Him from the bondage of sin. A character Choi, says to him â€Å"Hallelujah. You're my savior, man. My own personal Jesus Christ. † A plate in Morpheus' ship Nebuchadnezzar says â€Å"Mark III No. 11,† a probable allusion to the Bible: Mark 3:11 reads, â€Å"Whenever the unclean spirits saw him, they fell down before him and shouted, ‘You are the Son of God!‘† (About, 2006). Anderson's hacker alias Neo is an anagram for the One. He is The One who is prophesied to liberate humanity from the chains that imprison them in their computer-generated illusion. First, however, he has to die – and he is killed in room 303. But, after 72 seconds (analogous to 3 days), Neo rises again. Soon t hereafter, he also ascends up into the heavens. There is a battle between the machines (an allegory for the devil and his angels) and the Resistance (Angels and saints.) The members of the Resistance who are not presently plugged into the Matrix are kind of like angels because they can help people in the Matrix (by hacking into it) but are not able to directly interfere in human choice. This battle outside the Matrix is like the battle in the heavens between the angels of the devil and God's angels and saints of God. Members of the Resistance, who are plugged into the Matrix and have an identity there, are able to do things that the people in the Matrix can't do. They are more intuitive, have greater power to fight evil etc.But they are reliant on the members of the Resistance who are back at the ship (Angels). Life as a member of the Resistance is exciting. However, the sentient programs are very interested in destroying these members of the Resistance. The sentient programs have n o interest in the other people in the Matrix because they know they have them already. The machines that run the Matrix see the Resistance as a threat and therefore try to kill them or interfere with their activities (an allegory for Persecution of Christians in the Media etc. )Some people who belong to the Resistance have â€Å"real† jobs in the Matrix like those who are asleep plugged into it. But because the Resistance has been woken up to the fact that the Matrix is unreal, they no longer see things in the Matrix in the same way as other people, even though they are doing regular jobs. They see it as an illusion. These regular jobs are just positions like a spy in the Second World War who would work in a German shoe repair or other trivial job. But they are simply put there as a posting to achieve the greater end.The decision to take the red pill is a completely free choice with no one forcing it. Taking the red pill is an allegory for the choice to completely surrender t o Jesus. It is the only hope for the future. Otherwise they stay asleep. The job of the Matrix is to keep people â€Å"engaged† in the day to day trivial things of life in the Matrix so they stay asleep and die while hooked up to the pod (or vat). And then they are ejected into the sewer mote (hell). When Neo woke up he was ejected into the mote (hell) but was rescued by the Resistance (Angels). This is similar to Jesus in the desert.Angels waited upon Jesus and nursed him back to health after he was 40 days in the desert the same way the members of the Resistance nursed Neo back to health when he woke up from the Matrix. This was the start of Neo's participation in the Resistance. Jesus' ministry started after the 40 days in the desert. Of course there’s also a Judas figure (in one scene he and Neo drink from the same cup, as Jesus and Judas dipped in the same dish). Cypher is a Judas figure. Which is pretty obvious. Cypher knows that the Matrix is not real and that a ny pleasures he experiences there are illusory (What is the Matrix, 1999).When Smith (the sentient program) outsmarts Neo, near the end of the movie, he knew what Neo was thinking and so was one step ahead of him waiting in the room where Neo went to make the phone call. That is when Smith shoots Neo as he went to make the phone call in room 303. When we don't completely surrender to Christ, our best plans will not succeed in getting us out of the Matrix (material world) because the devil can read our actions and behavior. So he is always one step ahead of us like Smith was when he was waiting for Neo in the room where Neo was going to make the phone call.Neo dies and is raised to life again. When Neo came back to life and realized he was the one. He was no longer thinking about what he would do next. He was plugged into his Divine power. Neo was no longer planning ahead. He was responding to his spiritual connectedness in the moment. And so Smith could no longer figure out what Neo was going to do next and was no longer able to be one step ahead of Neo. Smith was no longer able to read what Neo would do next because Neo didn't even know, Neo was simply responding to his spiritual connectedness, which, in fact put Neo one step ahead of Smith.If we trust God, we don't know what he is going to do next with us, but neither does the devil. In that way God can outsmart the devil in our lives. It's when we wrestle to keep control of our lives that we are subject to interference from the devil because he will always be a step ahead of us. Life as a Christian is completely different from when we planned our lives. We don't know what God will do next and we just trust and listen and watch God outsmart evil in our lives. Then the devil can no longer be a step ahead of us (i. e. , waiting at the door to shoot us like Smith did to Neo when Neo was thinking for himself).I understand the fear of surrender but this is a good surrender, it is plugging into a source of power t hat outsmarts evil in my life. I think it is the only source. Jesus is â€Å"The One†. The reality of this world and man’s destiny is clearly revealed in God’s Word. Man is not his own savior, but he is a condemned sinner in bondage to sin; as a result, man is spiritually dead. Jesus Christ is the savior who did not leave it up to people to see how they felt about Him in order to believe. Rather, He gave many signs proving, in fact, that He is God and Savior. His death and resurrection is a historic fact.The man who thinks he will save himself is grievously deceived. It is only in trusting in Jesus Christ’s death and resurrection to atone for man’s sin that a repentant sinner can be released from the bondage of sin and experience eternal fellowship with his Creator. There are also other problematic implications to the film. From a Christian perspective, to begin with, the whole premise of the unknowing enslavement of all of humanity by machines is a staggeringly apocalyptic event that raises serious eschatological questions: Would God allows all of humanity to be subjected to so immense a deception?Descartes argued not. Consider especially the implications of generations of humans living and dying without real physical contact with one another. While it’s possible to imagine Christian faith existing in such a world (and indeed Morpheus mentions people going to church in the Matrix), the Church itself, and in particular apostolic succession and the papacy, cannot be perpetuated under these conditions, since there is no physical laying on of hands.(This problem is mitigated, though, by the fact that the film does establish that not all of mankind is in the Matrix — there is one surviving human community, Zion, where it’s possible to imagine the Church having survived. On the other hand, what we see of Zion in the sequel, The Matrix Reloaded, offers no indication whatsoever of any Christian presence. ) In fa ct, God and religion seem to be basically irrelevant to the characters in the film. Morality, too, tends generally to be a non-issue.Of course there’s the glaring disregard for life seen especially in the lobby massacre. Beyond this, Neo himself has a shady background, and although he is in many ways transformed during the course of the film, this doesn’t include any kind of moral transformation. Likewise, Morpheus sets people free from the Matrix, but there’s no indication that they’re any freer from sin or evil. Consider a scene in which a character named Mouse invites Neo to have virtual sex with a digital woman of his creation.The other crewmembers may needle Mouse as a â€Å"digital pimp,† but there’s no real moral backbone to their criticism. (â€Å"Pay no attention to these hypocrites,† Mouse tells Neo. â€Å"To deny our impulses is to deny the very thing that makes us human. â€Å") Of course there’s no rule that says that characters fighting against a great evil must be depicted as paragons of virtue. On the other hand, the film’s overall lack of moral perspective does make it hard to see it as meaningfully â€Å"Christian. † References The Holy Bible. 2005. December 4, 2006. The Matrix. Wikipedia: The Free Encyclopedia. 4 December 2006. December 4, 2006. . The Matrix and Christianity. About. 2006. December 2, 2006. The Gospel according to Neo. The Christian Science Monitor. May 09, 2003. December 2, 2006. Wake Up!. What is the Matrix. 1999. December 2, 2006. .

to know a fly essays

to know a fly essays Brief Summary: The book, To Know a Fly by Vincent G. Dethier, is about a scientist who fell in love with the fly. Professor Dethier isnt like most scientists who are idolized for their accomplishments and rejected for the lack of ability to communicate with society. He was known for being an outstanding researcher, and he also had the wonderful gift of communication. The fact that he was fascinated by the knowledge that could be obtained from such a simple species, such as the fly, also made him popular with the public. The main focus of the book involves Professor Dethier designing and performing various experiments. Each experiment done by Professor Dethier is very simple, therefore the reader is informed, and as Professor Dethier adds interesting facts about the experiments of the fly the reader can interpret it easier. Professor Dethier begins the book by explaining how science and scientist are often misunderstood. He continues by stating that anyone can be a scientist if they want wish. However, they must posses certain characteristics such as love for nature, curiosity of life, and a soaring imagination. After convincing the reader that they can understand and appreciate science, Professor Dethier begins to inform the reader about the fly. He begins by defending the fly. Most everyone has a mutual understanding that flies are pests and are often considered to be disease infested. Most people dont even want to be in the presence of a fly. Moreover, flies arent exactly the type of animal you would care to learn about so the Professor convinces you of the importance of research on even the simplest or seemingly unimportant animals. One characteristic he focuses on in regards to the fly is the fact that the fly is special because the insect can fly. This is a relatively simple concept, but if he earns some respect, for the fly, from the readers, he will be able to gather their interests, r...

Spanish Translation of To Turn

Spanish Translation of To Turn The verb turn is one of those verbs that has so many meanings that when translating to Spanish you may find it useful to try translating a synonym instead. For example, turn in The car turned into the driveway and turn in The caterpillar turned into a butterfly have such vastly different meanings that it wouldnt make sense to think that a single Spanish verb could be used both times in translation. As always, the principle here is to translate the meaning rather than the word. Although there are probably dozens of ways you might translate turn depending on the context, here are some of the most common: When turn or turn around means to rotate, girar or, less commonly, rotar can often be used. Venus, el segundo planeta, gira una vez cada 243 dà ­as terrestres. Venus, the second planet, turns around once every 243 Earth days. El monstruo tenà ­a una cabeza que rotaba 360 grados. The monster had a head that turned 360 degrees.  ¡Gira la ruleta para obtener un premio! Turn the roulette wheel to win a prize! Lo que sucede es que no gira la ruedita donde va el DVD. What happens is that the platter where the DVD goes isnt turning. Girar can also be used to refer to a change in direction, such as turning to the right or left. Los coches giraron bruscamente para evitar la colisià ³n. The cars turned abruptly in order to keep from crashing. Puedes girar a la derecha para ver una puerta cerrada. You can turn to the right in order to see a closed door. El presidente de la repà ºblica gira a la izquierda. The president of the republic is turning to the left. Torcer (related to the word torque) can sometimes be used for turn when it refers to twisting. Un poco ms arriba, la calle tuerce a la derecha de nuevo en un ngulo de 90 grados hacia el norte. A little bit higher, the street turns to the right again at an angle of 90 degrees toward the north. Inserta un tornillo en cada agujero y tuà ©rcelo para que los agujeros queden alineados unos con otros. Insert a screw in each hole and turn it so that the holes stay lined up with each other. When turn refers to change in nature rather than of direction, you can often use one of the verbs of becoming. Mi hijita ha llegado a ser un adulto. My dear daughter has turned into an adult. Justo cuando la oruga pensà ³ que el mundo habà ­a llegado a su fin, se convirtià ³ en una mariposa. Just when the caterpillar thought the world had come to an end, she turned into a butterfly. Marà ­a se puso triste al escuchar la cancià ³n escrita por su madre. Maria turned sad when she heard the song written by her mother. The phrase turn around, when it means facing the opposite direction, can often be translated by darse la vuelta. El hombre se dio la vuelta y mirà ³ a las montaà ±as. The man turned around and looked at the mountains. Wall Street se da la vuelta tras un buen dato de confianza del consumidor. Wall Street is turning around after upbeat data on consumer confidence. Turn down when referring to rejection can be translated with rechazar: Sin embargo, la empleada de la agencia me rechazà ³. Nevertheless, the employee at the agency turned me down. Turn on, when it means to switch on, can be translated as encender: El gobierno encendià ³ las luces como un regalo para el pueblo del Zulia. The government turned on the lights as a gift for the people of Zulia. But note that turn on can sometimes mean to turn against, which can be translated as volver(se) en contra or poner(se) en contra: La poblacià ³n local se volvià ³ en contra los alemanes. The local population turned against the Germans. Turn off, when it means to switch off, can be expressed with apagar: Voy a apagar la luz para pensar en ti. Im going to turn off the light to think about you. Turn in, when it means to hand over, can often be expressed using entregar: Necesito una cita para entregar mis papeles. I need an appointment to turn in my papers. But if it means to go to bed, you can use ir a la cama or acostarse: Me acosto a las diez. Im turning in at 10.

Concept Comparison and Analysis Across Theories Essay

Concept Comparison and Analysis Across Theories - Essay Example Subsequently, the emphasis on the health concept has affected the nursing concept. However, the health concept remains the nursing theory’s building block, with the aforementioned theories incorporating the concept of health as it is of major importance. This paper will present discussion of comparison analysis of health metaparadigm in General Systems, Self-Care Theories and the Human Caring Theory and highlight the main concepts in the Human Caring Theory. Discussion Health Concept Definition in King’s General Systems Theory Health metaparadigm refers to one’s dynamic experiences in life. When one optimally utilizes resources, he or she can attain full potential for daily life, which enables one to cope continuously with stressors within internal and external environment. Health can also be viewed as one’s capacity for social role functioning. According to Hanucharumkul (1989), King’s definition of health concept is equivocal. Health is viewed as how one is able to cope with growth and development stressors in internal and external environment, whereby one’s cultural inclination and efforts to conform are functional. This viewpoint seems to support Orem’s fundamentals for universal self-care and development. King’s view of social functionality of health is congruent with Orem’s viewpoint, although clinical model is not incorporated in King’s model. ... According to Hartweg (1990), Orem’s general theory has proven useful in health promotion activity by society. Health promotion concept focuses on illness. Orem’s concept of health promotion is correlated with concept of well-being and elevated wellness. The health promotion activity aims achieving high level of wellness for individuals, family, and community. The Self-Care Deficit Theory (SCDT) has been applicable in nursing context focusing on severe and chronic illnesses, such as rehabilitation, psychiatric and dialysis units. Health promotion concept enhances individual’s ability for general decision-making. Health promotion is only valid after attainment of stable health. Health promotion activity is conceptualized as an aspect of self-care activity. These activities must play integral role in life of an individual. Such activities might include positive nutritional practices, establishing systems for social support, coping with stressors, and involvement in physical exercises. The activities help in articulation of individual's potential (Hartweg, 1990). Self-care encompasses responsibility for adult’s own health, well-being, and existence. Self-care is initiated personally and must form important component of one’s lifestyle. King’s general conceptual framework echoes Orem’s pragmatic theory of self-care as deliberate practice. Health promotion behavior and practice of self-care tend to be congruent, with self-initiated self-care carried out with intention of attaining specific health targets. Orem attempts to distinguish health from well-being as two concepts that are related to state of humans. Orem defines health as condition

Assignment 1-3 Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words

Assignment 1-3 - Essay Example And, if the cause is the significant turnover in the restaurant’s waiter or waitress pool, which is known to have taken place, then why is the turnover so high and what can be done about it? Thus, a research will help to better understand the problem with a view to resolving it. Customer satisfaction is a very important issue for most businesses. It is central to business success. So all possible means must be used to ensure that customers are satisfied. Our objective then is to first enhance our understanding of the problem, and we accomplish this by knowing more about it in detail through research using a systematic procedure. The issue is friendliness of the atmosphere, so we must devise a means of measuring this besides identifying the cause(s) of the decline. One possibility for obtaining this customer satisfaction measure would be to arrange a customer feedback mechanism involving a rating scale for friendliness and survey questions to encourage customers to disclose and pinpoint their reasons or what would help them to feel the atmosphere is friendly after experiencing a service at the restaurant. Secondly, the high staff turnover suggests there is an issue of demotivation or unhappiness with the working conditions. Hence, not only should a survey be conducted for the restaurant’s customers but also the waiter/waitresses must be interviewed to get insight into their thoughts, feelings and attitudes. In-depth interviews are advisable because there will be a small number of them and the deeper insight will be more valuable for addressing the root of the problem. This kind of research will be a mixture of qualitative and quantitative methods i.e. it will be a mixed research study. The open questions on the customer survey and the staff interviews will be qualitative whereas the friendliness ratings and closed survey questions will be quantitative

POLICE DRONES AND CIVIL LIBERTIES Research Paper

POLICE DRONES AND CIVIL LIBERTIES - Research Paper Example The use of police drones is for ensuring that the civil liberties of the individual are not violated. However in some countries, most of the police drones are used during training practices as part of pilot program. In countries like the United States aerial drones are used in law enforcement in domestic capacity. The department of Defense in the United States has argued that war in Pakistan, Afghanistan and Iraq has been changed by the use of the drone technology. The Use of Police Drone and Its Effect on Civil Liberty In Britain the police department has developed plans for using the drones in monitoring road services. This involves monitoring speed of vehicles, traffic jam, and even vehicle theft among others. Through this police can keep track of civilians who violate the driver regulations. It is used for collecting road data for traffic police making work more efficient. They are also used in supervising public events such as presidential conference. In most of the developed co untries, the police drones are used in monitoring the behavior of individuals in a public gathering to ensure security. According to Solan, Tiersma and Conley (2005), this has been an important activity as protects individuals’ freedom of movement without fear. The police are also able to keep track of events in a public gathering even from far thus maintaining peace. Police drones are used in covert urban surveillance. This facilitates effective maintenance of security in urban areas where cases of insecurity are many. Since the drone is remote controlled it can be relocated in dangerous places without fear of losing an individuals life through attacks. It allows police officers to record the public activities with high-resolution without having to move for their security according to Gill and Phythian (2006). These activities include criminal acts and attacks by enemies. Police agency uses the drone in gathering information about dangerous pales for the officers. It has bee n applied mostly by the United States army when attacking countries like Iraq and Pakistan. The police have claimed to use the drone in surveillance of maritime activities. Here the drone is used for detecting immigrants from foreign countries, shipping activities such as smuggling of drugs. Due to their increased pervasive surveillance citizens are questioning the machine’s importance in watching over their lives. Police Drone Surveillance and Civil Liberty The police drones have been used by countries like the United States in its attacks. Such transformative technology in war has always resulted to adverse ethical implications on civil liberty. The increased use of the drones in war combined with ineffective accountability is an indicator of normalization of previous unfair policing levels and abuse of office by police officers. As suggested by Drake (2010), this is because their activities can also be monitored by their officers using the drones. For instance, Pennsylivia governor had to apologize after it was revealed that there was spying of pro-immigrant activists and antiwar and environmentalists against drilling of natural gas. Drone surveillance has been applied on American soils following the heavy profits, public demand and technology. With the urgent need for Federal Aviation Administration to open regulations, the

The global economy Essay Example for Free

The global economy Essay In a highly interdependent world, the global economy is one of the major concerns of countries since anything that happens to one country’s economy can largely affect other countries, especially if the country where the economic shift happened is as powerful and prominent as the United States of America. More importantly, the flow of goods, labor and resources need an enabler for their ease of movement from one country to another. With the rising doubts in the current system of the global economy, people are now looking for ways to reform it. Capitalism, as the dominant economic model for the world was shaken with the collapse of Wall Street and the recession in America and elsewhere. The conundrum of global reform is that the proposals that go far enough, such as establishing a global financial regulator, are wildly unrealistic, while those that are realistic, such as reform of the IMF, fall far short of what is needed. In the midst of all these problems, however, an economic experiment on a large scale is happening in Europe. The European Union is not only a strong political bloc, but is also a consortium of economies that are working together to improve the economy in their region. Although this is not yet a replacement to the American-style capitalism that dominates the world, this new economic movement could play a large role in the future as a replacement to the current global economy. b. Yes, one can be both a globalist and, at the same time, be culturally parochial. In both the West and the East, this is what is happening, which is why countries fail to reach agreements with the consensus of everyone in the international organizations they are in. In the north and south, conflicts spark in the opposing goals of cooperating with one another to make a better globalized society and forwarding their own national interest. These are evident in China’s continuing efforts to expand its economy through an undervalued Renminbi, and a nationalistic thrust. Sometimes, they even go to the extent of openly opposing Western nations that are not of the same mind as they are such as in the issue of the global climate where they agree that Western nations should do act on it but refuse to act on the issue themselves prioritizing their economy over taking care of the environment. Western nations, on the other hand, are often criticized because of their pushing for a more global movement of goods, labor and resources while protecting their own borders from competition. Another criticism they receive is that they exploit 3rd world nations while harping on the importance of helping these nations out of poverty. Even in smaller scales, that is, concerning the individual, have issues such as migrants who refuse to adopt the cultures and laws of the country they migrated into and hold strongly on their own cultural backgrounds. c. Globalization is indeed inexorable. With the advent of technologies that speed up this process, people need to adapt to the growing interconnectivity of peoples that were once out of reach by thousands of miles. To adapt to the growing trend of globalization, there are many tools in our hands, one of which is the internet. The internet, as one of the causes of the acceleration of the globalization process can be used by people to become a part of the greater global society through knowledge acquisition and even being active in other nations through having a voice online. Other technologies like mobile phones, VOIP, television, etc. can help us become more cosmopolitan. The most important tool in adapting to globalization, however, is our minds and that we must keep them open. With globalization as the marketplace for many ideas internationally, myopic views are causes of conflagrations between people and even nations.

Engineering Plan :: essays research papers

Engineering Plan We plan to implement the basic multi-cycle processor design as shown in the textbook, as well as pipelining and â€Å"jump and link†. The toughest part of this design will be the datapath control, for which we will be using a FSM. The ALU will implement add, sub, and, or, sll, and slt functions – though a separate block is typically used for shift operations, we felt that putting sll and srl in the ALU would simplify our design. All other basic functions (lw, sw, lui, beq, bne, j) will be implemented as show in the textbook. The processor will have two main stages: load instructions into memory and execute instructions. Special instruction codes will be defined as â€Å"stall† and â€Å"stop execution† to work in conjunction with the FSM. The global reset will set all memory and registers to 0, and put the FSM in â€Å"load instructions mode†. We would like to use one memory module to store both instructions and data (with instructions starting at 0 and going up, and memory starting at the highest address and going down), however this design would present some addressing headaches so we will most likely use separate memory modules for instructions and data. The main part of the pipelining implementation will be the hazard detection unit. We plan to have this work independent of the datapath control FSM as so to simplify FSM design. The hazard detection unit will control muxes to drive register forwarding and will issue stall instructions directly to the instruction register when needed. â€Å"Jump and link† will make use of a specially designated register (most likely one of the upper registers, since those aren’t used in the provided test function). Muxes will be used to feed the PC+4 into the regfile and the regfile output into the PC register. The datapath control FSM will control these muxes.

Sonny’s Blues

â€Å"Sonny’s Blues† by James Baldwin Internal and External conflicts Sonny is a young boy from Harlem struggling with his addiction to heroin and is eventually sent to jail for it. The Narrator, Sonny’s older brother is a high school Algebra teacher who loses connection with Sonny and does not realize where Sonny is till he reads in the newspaper about Sonny being imprisoned. During Sonny’s journey to get back on his feet once he incurs internal and external conflicts along the way.The series of events leading to Sonny getting back into the real world is really a struggle for him. He tries to find out who he really is and what he should be doing with his life, however along the way it’s not as easy as he would like. With external forces trying to tell him what he should do, such as: His brother, his Mother, and his sister in law’s Mother. His older brother allows him to stay with him until he graduates from college even though that’s not where Sonny’s passion is at. Sonny soon discovers his love for music, Jazz music, and practices every day his piano.This stirs conflict in the house hold because they soon grow tired of Sonny’s constant practicing. However there are also internal forces effecting the decisions that Sonny makes along the way as well, such as: Fighting his drug abuse, finding himself in what he wants to do , and his love for playing Jazz music on the piano. When the narrator finds out that Sonny wants to become a Jazz pianist he is against it and rather Sonny go to school, because the narrator doesn’t think Sonny can make it in the music industry or that there is no future playing Jazz Music.The Narrator and Sonny’s Mother is also and external force because she influenced Sonny’s living situation. Before the Mothers passing she had a conversation with the narrator telling him to watch out, and take care of Sonny. Flashing back to when their Father was alive, he t oo had a Brother and was killed by a car full of white men that never even bothered to stop. After that event it had their Father all shaken up. And lastly another external force depicted in the story is Sonny’s sister in law’s Mother.When he was supposed to be going to school he would skip much of the time. Sonny got sent multiple truancy letters and would just hide them. It was then that Sonny’s sister in law’s Mother found one and confronted Sonny about it he told her that he had been going to Greenwich  Village hanging out with musicians. It was then that Sonny saw what a burden he had been on the family and decided to join the Navy. Some of the internal conflicts depicted in the story also had a great deal on the decisions Sonny made as well.One of the main ones would be his drug abuse and addiction to Heroin, which is what landed him in jail in the first place and made his life take the course that it did. Him wanting to find himself also had a gr eat influence on the decisions that he made along the way, such as: Getting lost in his addiction, going to College, hanging out at Greenwich Village to hang out with musicians, and going to the Navy. Lastly, a final internal conflict with Sonny is his love for playing Jazz music on the piano.This is what drives him the most and realizes it’s what makes him tick and motivated. Practicing countless hours at a time and joining a band at the Village shows how dedicated he was to his dream. Sonny didn’t allow others to make the decision on what he was going to do in the end and just followed his heart because it was what he loved. At Greenwich Village Sonny was a respected musician and many knew him, ultimately it is where he belonged all along.It’s all of the internal and external conflicts depicted in the story that kept Sonny going. Whether it be the Narrator, Sonny’s Mother, the Sister in law’s Mother, his addiction to Heroin, him wanting to find h imself, or his love for playing Jazz music on the Piano. I believe that if it weren’t for all these different forces being presented in Sonny’s life, he wouldn’t have turned into the successful musician that he turned out to be in the end. Sonny’s Blues â€Å"Sonny’s Blues† by James Baldwin Internal and External conflicts Sonny is a young boy from Harlem struggling with his addiction to heroin and is eventually sent to jail for it. The Narrator, Sonny’s older brother is a high school Algebra teacher who loses connection with Sonny and does not realize where Sonny is till he reads in the newspaper about Sonny being imprisoned. During Sonny’s journey to get back on his feet once he incurs internal and external conflicts along the way.The series of events leading to Sonny getting back into the real world is really a struggle for him. He tries to find out who he really is and what he should be doing with his life, however along the way it’s not as easy as he would like. With external forces trying to tell him what he should do, such as: His brother, his Mother, and his sister in law’s Mother. His older brother allows him to stay with him until he graduates from college even though that’s not where Sonny’s passion is at. Sonny soon discovers his love for music, Jazz music, and practices every day his piano.This stirs conflict in the house hold because they soon grow tired of Sonny’s constant practicing. However there are also internal forces effecting the decisions that Sonny makes along the way as well, such as: Fighting his drug abuse, finding himself in what he wants to do , and his love for playing Jazz music on the piano. When the narrator finds out that Sonny wants to become a Jazz pianist he is against it and rather Sonny go to school, because the narrator doesn’t think Sonny can make it in the music industry or that there is no future playing Jazz Music.The Narrator and Sonny’s Mother is also and external force because she influenced Sonny’s living situation. Before the Mothers passing she had a conversation with the narrator telling him to watch out, and take care of Sonny. Flashing back to when their Father was alive, he t oo had a Brother and was killed by a car full of white men that never even bothered to stop. After that event it had their Father all shaken up. And lastly another external force depicted in the story is Sonny’s sister in law’s Mother.When he was supposed to be going to school he would skip much of the time. Sonny got sent multiple truancy letters and would just hide them. It was then that Sonny’s sister in law’s Mother found one and confronted Sonny about it he told her that he had been going to Greenwich  Village hanging out with musicians. It was then that Sonny saw what a burden he had been on the family and decided to join the Navy. Some of the internal conflicts depicted in the story also had a great deal on the decisions Sonny made as well.One of the main ones would be his drug abuse and addiction to Heroin, which is what landed him in jail in the first place and made his life take the course that it did. Him wanting to find himself also had a gr eat influence on the decisions that he made along the way, such as: Getting lost in his addiction, going to College, hanging out at Greenwich Village to hang out with musicians, and going to the Navy. Lastly, a final internal conflict with Sonny is his love for playing Jazz music on the piano.This is what drives him the most and realizes it’s what makes him tick and motivated. Practicing countless hours at a time and joining a band at the Village shows how dedicated he was to his dream. Sonny didn’t allow others to make the decision on what he was going to do in the end and just followed his heart because it was what he loved. At Greenwich Village Sonny was a respected musician and many knew him, ultimately it is where he belonged all along.It’s all of the internal and external conflicts depicted in the story that kept Sonny going. Whether it be the Narrator, Sonny’s Mother, the Sister in law’s Mother, his addiction to Heroin, him wanting to find h imself, or his love for playing Jazz music on the Piano. I believe that if it weren’t for all these different forces being presented in Sonny’s life, he wouldn’t have turned into the successful musician that he turned out to be in the end.

Describe the Different Forms of Disguise and Deception That Feature in Twelfth Night Essay

Shakespeare’s play ‘Twelfth Night’ is a comedy centred on a main theme of disguise and deception. The elements of both bring confusion to the characters creating comical situations throughout the play, also adding a lot of dramatic irony to entertain the audiences through the ages. There are many different types of disguise and deception in the play, most are used for the comical effect, but one deception in particular gives the play a darker edge because of the malicious intent to hurt the character. Viola’s disguise as the young man ‘Cesario’ is the stimulus that triggers the love triangle which is the foundation of the whole play. Antonio assists Viola to disguise herself as a man, ‘conceal me what I am, and be my aid’, to enable her to work as a messenger for Orsino. She also tells Antonio to ‘shape thou silence to my wit’ so that no one in Illyria will know that she is actually a girl. Orsino sends her to ‘Unfold the passion of my love’ to Olivia. However Viola has fallen in love with Orsino: ‘Whoe’er I woo, myself would be his wife’. The disguise then causes even more confusion when the love triangle is completed and Olivia, believing Viola is a man, falls in love with Viola/Cesario: ‘methinks I feel this youth’s perfections’. All of this confusion with the disguise and the love triangle enthrals the audience because of the depth of dramatic irony created. Shakespeare has let only the audience know that Cesario is Viola, and he tells them about Olivia’s love for Cesario, before Viola herself knows. All of the confusion from the disguise would have been even funnier when acted out on stage, because all the actors in Elizabethan times were men. Therefore the boy playing Viola would have been dressed up as a girl, and then disguised as a man, and then the man dressed as Olivia would be in love with what the character thinks is a man, which is actually a girl who is played by a boy. Shakespeare used the disguise to create humour for the audience in this way. In Act 3, after Viola has found out that Olivia is in love with her, Viola tries to hint at Olivia by saying ‘I am not what I am’. Viola is telling the truth, but it is a very vague phrase so it does not give away her identity to Olivia. This simple sentence could show that Viola is not using the disguise for malicious reasons and she does not like deceiving people, so by saying this line she is perhaps trying to alleviate some guilt from the deception that unintentionally made Olivia fall in love with her. Viola’s quote is a direct opposite of a quote in the bible, ‘I am what I am’, back then, nearly everyone would have been familiar with the saying, as most attended church and sermons quote the bible, so her quote shows that what Viola is doing is breaking an important moral code and her deception would have been seen as more of a wrong doing back then than it is today, causing Viola to feel the guilt and shame that she does. Malvolio’s deception is a subplot of the play which creates a lot of the comedy, but also has overtones of malice that brings darkness to the play. Malvolio is a servant to Olivia, who gets on the nerves of Maria and other servants because of his pompous behaviour. They decide to plot against him because of his arrogance and frequent nasty comments to them: ‘have you no wit, manners, nor honesty but to gabble like tinkers at this time of night? ’ Maria forges a love letter from Olivia in her handwriting, ‘I can write very like my lady’, and it tells Malvolio that to show his love for Olivia he has to smile, talk like he is of higher class and wear yellow cross-gartered stockings, this ridiculous outfit and behaviour would have entertained the audience very much. So to the audience, this deception starts as a humorous bit of fun for the characters to poke fun at Malvolio, but as the play goes on it turns into purposeful malicious intent to degrade and humiliate him. Maria starts as the originator of the prank, but when Feste becomes involved the pranks become cruel and callous. He takes it a lot further by locking Malvolio up and taunting him: ‘it hath bay windows transparent as barricadoes’ and he carries on even when Sir Toby wants the prank to end ‘I wish we were well rid of this knavery’. Shakespeare leaves Malvolio in a very poor state at the end of the play. Malvolio ends up being damaged emotionally by the pranks and the audience ends up feeling sorry for him, despite him being a very unsympathetic character. The reason Feste enjoys the deception of Malvolio so much could be because he is actually a very intelligent character, but has turned bitter after people are unintentionally deceived into thinking he must be stupid or have no feelings because he is just another clown: ‘I saw him put down the other day with an ordinary fool that has no more brain than a stone’. The previous quote is the kind of thing that could anger Feste because people do not notice his intelligence; it was also said by Malvolio which could be why the full force of Feste’s bitterness was aimed directly at him. Shakespeare made Feste pick up on dramatic ironies: ‘nor your name is not master Cesario’ to show Feste’s intelligence to the audience, but the characters never noticed Feste’s intelligence because of the unintentional deception he caused by being a clown, so this is why his jokes are perceptive but bitter. Within the play a lot of plot devices regarding the disguises are helped by the characters self-deception. The deception of Malvolio wouldn’t have worked if he had not deceived himself into thinking that Olivia liked him. Malvolio was a haughty character who had very high opinions of what Olivia thought of him: ‘should she fancy, it should be one of my complexion’. He would not have fallen for the prank if he had not deceived himself in this way, therefore in a way he deceived himself into the prank because he was conceited enough to think that Olivia liked him, thus abetting his own ruin. Orsino’s love for Olivia could be seen as self-deception. Orsino believes that he is in love with Olivia, and is feeling all the sorrows and joy of love: ‘that it alone is high fantastical’, but he seems to have deceived himself that he is in love with Olivia, when actually it perhaps is more of an infatuation and he is now in love with the idea of love. Orsino is a wealthy Duke who would be very used to getting what he wanted whenever he asked for it, so seeing Olivia and wanting her ‘Methought she purged the air of pestilence’, and then not being able to have her could have given him the feeling of longing that he has never really had before. He could have then misinterpreted the new feeling as love and now his whole mind is preoccupied with the longing that he thinks is love. Olivia’s mourning for her brother could also be perceived as self-deception. Olivia declared that she would mourn her brother’s death for a long time, believing that she would never really be able to overcome her grief. However when she falls in love with Cesario she perhaps realises she can still be happy. She didn’t know she could be happy when she declared her years ourning and she had been deceiving herself that she was completely grief-stricken about his death, when actually she may have just been feeling lonely. This could also be why Olivia fell for Viola’s disguise quite easily, she was vulnerable and sad and may have just like the idea of a man, so not paid that close attention to who Cesario actually was. In the denouement of the play, Viola’s twin Sebastian arrives in Illyria thinking that Viola is dead: ‘She is drowned already, sir, with salt water’. Sebastian looks a lot like Viola, so because Viola is dressed as a man a lot of people mistake Sebastian for Cesario and it causes many confusing situations. The main confusion that happens is that Olivia mistakes Sebastian for Cesario, and Sebastian deceives her by not telling her who he actually is and goes along with the whole charade. Olivia thinks that Cesario has finally succumbed to her and they agree to get married: ‘plight me the full assurance of your faith’. Olivia not noticing that it was actually Sebastian shows that she may have not actually been in love with Cesario but because she was vulnerable at the time she clung to the idea of having somebody without actually really knowing the person. Sebastian’s deception was merely dishonest. He took advantage of the situation, but he never really knew what was going on because he was in a strange land and it all happened very quickly so Olivia forgave him. All the disguise and deception is very cleverly plotted through the play to structure the whole story line. The disguises are finally revealed at the end, solving all the confusion and allowing the various couples to join and give the play finality. The disguise and deception gives the play the confusion and dramatic irony to make the play a comedy. The theme entwines in every plotline and all the way through the play ‘nothing that is so is so’.